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Surfactants that may be included in dandruff shampoos are usually:

  1. Cationic

  2. Anionic

  3. Nonionic

  4. Amphoteric

The correct answer is: Cationic

Surfactants that may be included in dandruff shampoos are usually cationic. This means that they have a positively charged head and a long hydrophobic tail, making them attracted to the negatively charged oils and particles found in dandruff flakes. This allows them to effectively remove these particles from the scalp and hair. The other options, anionic, nonionic, and amphoteric, are less likely to be included in dandruff shampoos because they have different properties that make them less effective for this purpose. Anionic surfactants have a negatively charged head and may not be strong enough to remove the stubborn flakes. Nonionic surfactants have a neutral charge and would not be as attracted to the dandruff particles. Amphoteric surfactants have both positive and negative charges and may not be as effective in targeting the dandruff-ca